Hysteroscopy, seeing inside the uterus.

Purpose. To obtain a tissue sample (biopsy) from the uterine lining for diagnostic purposes, such as investigating abnormal bleeding or detecting endometrial abnormalities.

Procedure. A hysteroscope is inserted through the cervix into the uterus to visualize the uterine lining. A small tissue sample is then taken for analysis.

Purpose. To treat or remove various uterine conditions, such as polyps, fibroids, adhesions (scar tissue), or abnormal tissue growth.

Procedure. After visualizing the uterine cavity with a hysteroscope, specialized instruments are inserted through the scope to perform the necessary surgical procedures. This can include cutting or removing tissue growths or adhesions.

Purpose. To treat heavy menstrual bleeding by removing or destroying the uterine lining (endometrium).

Procedure. Various techniques, such as thermal ablation or radiofrequency ablation, are used to remove or destroy the endometrial tissue while preserving the uterus.

Purpose. To remove small submucosal fibroids (non-cancerous growths) that are inside the uterine cavity and may be causing symptoms.

Procedure. A hysteroscope is used to locate and remove the fibroids from the uterine lining.

Purpose. To remove septum and shaping the uterine cavity, Fertility Improvement, reduction of Pregnancy complications.

Procedure. Specialized instruments are introduced through the hysteroscope to remove or resect the septum. This can involve cutting and reshaping the septum until a more normal uterine cavity is achieved.

Anesthesia. Hysteroscopic surgeries may be performed with different types of anesthesia, including local anesthesia, regional anesthesia (spinal or epidural), or general anesthesia, depending on the complexity of the procedure and the patient's comfort.

Incisions. Hysteroscopic surgeries typically involve no external incisions. The hysteroscope is inserted through the cervix into the uterus, minimizing trauma to the surrounding tissues.

Surgical Instruments and Equipment

Hysteroscopic surgeries require specialized instruments, including the hysteroscope itself and additional tools for tissue removal or ablation.

Duration of Surgery. The length of hysteroscopic surgery varies depending on the type and complexity of the procedure but is generally shorter than traditional open surgeries. It can range from 15 minutes for a diagnostic hysteroscopy to an hour or more for more extensive procedures.

Intraoperative Monitoring. Monitoring equipment, such as vital sign monitors, may be used during the procedure to ensure the patient's safety.

Potential complications of hysteroscopic surgeries may include bleeding, infection, uterine perforation, and fluid overload. Serious complications are rare but can occur.

Hysteroscopic surgeries often lead to symptom relief and improved gynecological conditions. Patients typically experience less pain and quicker recovery times compared to open surgeries.